شنبه, 06 بهمن 1397.

آموزش انواع زمانها در زبان انگلیسی به همراه کاربرد زمانهای مختلف انگلیسی - English Tenses and their usage

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انواع زمانها در زبان انگلیسی (English Tenses and their usage )

 

 آموزش گرامر زمانها در زبان انگلیسی

 

 

 

Affirmative She drinks.
Negative She does not drink.
Interrogative Does she drink?
Form

I, you we they play | he, she, it plays

 

Uses
  • action in the present taking place once, never or several times
  • facts
  • actions taking place one after another
  • action set by a timetable or schedule

 

Present Progressive

Affirmative He is reading.
Negative He is not reading.
Interrogative Is he reading?
Form

To be (in the simple present) + verb + ing

 

Uses
  • action taking place at the moment of speaking
  • action arranged for the future

 

Simple Past

Affirmative I cried.
Negative I did not cry
Interrogative Did I cry?
Form

Regular verbs: Verb + ed | Irregular verbs: forms differ and should be learned by heart. This is a list of irregular verbs

 

Uses
  • action in the past taking place once, never or several times
  • actions taking place one after another

 

Past Progressive

Affirmative He was driving.
Negative He was not driving.
Interrogative Was he driving?
Form

to be (in the simple past) + verb + ing

 

Uses
  • action going on at a certain time in the past
  • actions taking place at the same time
  • action in the past that is interrupted by another action

 

Present Perfect Simple

Affirmative They have slept.
Negative They have not slept.
Interrogative Have they slept?
Form

Have / has + past participle (past participle of regular verbs: verb + ed | Past participle of irregular verbs: forms differ and should be learned by heart.

 

Uses
  • emphasis is on the result (not the duration)
  • action that started in the past & is still going on
  • action that stopped recently
  • finished action that has an influence on the present

 

Present Perfect Progressive

Affirmative He has been thinking.
Negative He has not been thinking.
Interrogative Has he been thinking?
Form

have or has + been + verb + ing

 

Uses
  • putting emphasis on the course or duration (not the result)
  • action that recently stopped or is still going on
  • finished action that influenced the present

 

Past Perfect Simple

Affirmative She had won.
Negative She had not won.
Interrogative Had she won?
Form

had + past participle (past participle of regular verbs: verb + ed | Past participle of irregular verbs: forms differ and should be learned by heart.

 

Uses
  • action taking place before a certain time in the past
  • sometimes interchangeable with past perfect progressive
  • putting emphasis only on the fact (not the duration)

 

Past Perfect Progressive

Affirmative He had been waiting.
Negative He had not been waiting.
Interrogative Had he been waiting?
Form had + been + verb + ing
Uses
  • action taking place before a certain time in the past
  • sometimes interchangeable with past perfect simple
  • putting emphasis on the duration or course of an action

 

Future Simple

Affirmative I will open the door.
Negative I will not open the door.
Interrogative Will you open the door?
Form

will + verb

 

Uses
  • We use the simple future for instant decisions.
  • We use the simple future when we predict a future situation
  • We use the simple future in conditional sentences type one. (More on conditional sentences here)

 

Future Plan (going to)

Affirmative He is going to clean the car.
Negative He is not going to clean the car.
Interrogative Is he going to clean the car?
Form

to be (in the simple present) + going + to + verb

 

Uses
  • to express the future when we intend to do something or have decided to do something but did not arrange it. It is just an intention.
  • predictions in the future

 

Future Plan (Present Progressive)

Affirmative He is traveling to Egypt next week.
Negative He is not traveling to Egypt next week.
Interrogative Is he traveling to Egypt next week?
Form

to be (in the simple present) + verb + ing

 

Uses
  • when we say what we have planned and arranged to do at a specific time in the future. These are fixed plans with definite time and/or place.

 

Future Progressive

Affirmative She will be listening to music.
Negative She will not be listening to music.
Interrogative Will she be listening to music?
Form

will + be + verb + ing

 

Uses
  • action that is going on at a certain time in the future
  • action that is sure to happen in the near future

 

Future Perfect

Affirmative He will have spoken.
Negative He will not have spoken.
Interrogative Will he have spoken?
Form

will + have + past participle (past participle of regular verbs: verb + ed | Past participle of irregular verbs: forms differ and should be learned by heart.

 

Uses
  • action that will be finished at a certain time in the future

 

Future Perfect Progressive

Affirmative You will have been studying.
Negative You will not have been studying.
Interrogative Will you have been studying?
Form

will + have + been + verb + ing

 

Uses
  • action taking place before a certain time in the future
  • putting emphasis on the course of an action

 

Conditional Simple

Affirmative We would relax.
Negative We would not relax.
Interrogative Would we relax ?
Form

would + verb

 

Uses
  • action that might take place

 

Conditional Progressive

Affirmative He would be writing.
Negative He would not be writing.
Interrogative Would he be writing?
Form

would + be + verb + ing

 

Uses
  • action that might take place
  • putting emphasis on the course / duration of the action

 

Conditional Perfect

Affirmative He would have written.
Negative He would not have written.
Interrogative Would he have written?
Form

would + have + past participle (past participle of regular verbs: verb + ed | Past participle of irregular verbs: forms differ and should be learned by heart.

 

Uses
  • action that might have taken place in the past

 

Conditional Perfect Progressive

Affirmative She would have been sleeping.
Negative She would not have sleeping speaking.
Interrogative Would she have been sleeping?
Form

would + have + been + verb + ing

 

Uses
  • action that might have taken place in the past
  • puts emphasis on the course / duration of the action
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